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Conventional automotive axle splines are, generally, of the same contour and proportions regardless of size. This strongly suggests that axle strength, as resistance to twisting or shearing, is proportionate to the cube of the spline count as well as to the cube of the spline’s root diameter.
Below is a table comparing axles with spline counts from 26 to 40, and displaying their relative strength.
Spline count | 26 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 40 |
Spline count cubed | 17,576 | 21,952 | 27,000 | 29,791 | 35,937 | 42,875 | 64,000 |
Axle vs. 26 | 100% | 125% | 154% | 169% | 204% | 244% | 364% |
Axle vs. 28 | 80% | 100% | 123% | 136% | 164% | 195% | 292% |
Axle vs. 30 | 65% | 81% | 100% | 110% | 133% | 159% | 237% |
Axle vs. 31 | 59% | 74% | 91% | 100% | 121% | 144% | 215% |
Axle vs. 33 | 49% | 61% | 75% | 83% | 100% | 119% | 178% |
Axle vs. 35 | 41% | 51% | 63% | 69% | 84% | 100% | 149% |
Axle vs. 40 | 27% | 34% | 42% | 47% | 56% | 67% | 100% |
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